IRS Penalty Relief for Small Employer Insurance Reimbursement

2015 will have to go down as the year of major IRS announcements made during busy season. Last week, the IRS granted relief from having to file 3115 for many of our clients (Revenue Procedure 2015-20). This week in Notice 2015-17 the IRS made an equally impressive announcement regarding health insurance reimbursement for small employers.
 

Background:

Employer payment plans have been a very popular way for small business employers to provide insurance for their employees. This is because the premiums for group health plans are either too expensive and/or the employees like to have their own plans. The employer either pays the premiums directly or reimburses the employee for the premiums paid. The employer gets a deduction and the premiums are a tax-free benefit for the employee.

In IRS Notice 2013-54, the service virtually obsoleted the use of employer payment plans where there was more than one employee involved in such a plan. The Section 4980D penalty for noncompliance is $100 per employee per day – $36,500 effective January 1, 2014.

Both the IRS and DOL have posted information on their respective websites about IRS Notice 2013-54 . Yet there is still a lot of confusion, concern about potential penalties that could drive a company out of business and many unanswered questions regarding 2% S shareholders, reimbursement for Medicare, etc.

IRS Notice 2015-17:

Here are the major points of this new announcement:

1. Penalty relief for small employers in 2014 and through June 30, 2015:

·         The IRS will not penalize small employers (less than 50 full–time equivalent employees) who have an employer payment plan or reimburse for Medicare.

·         After June 30, 2015, employers may be subject to the penalty. But at least for now we can take the deductions, exclude the premiums from employees’ income and not worry about the potential fine.

2. 2% S shareholders relief:

·         No penalties will be assessed for 2014 and 2015 on S corporations who reimburse insurance for 2% shareholders.

3. 2% S shareholders above-the-line deduction:

·         2% S shareholders can continue taking an above-the–line deduction for insurance premiums paid including reimbursed premiums. Remember, to the extent a 2% shareholder receives the Premium Assistance Credit for buying insurance on a government exchange, the deduction must be adjusted pursuant to Revenue Procedure 2014-41.

4. The one-employee exception:

·         The restrictions on having an employer payment plan as addressed in IRS Notice 2013-54 do not apply where the plan has only one participant who is an employee on the first day of the year.

In this notice, the IRS clarified that where an employee is covered under a reimbursement with other than self-only coverage (such as a family plan) and another employee is covered under that plan as a spouse or dependent of the first employee, then that plan is deemed to cover only one employee. Therefore this plan would not be in violation and there would be no penalty.

If an S corporation maintains more than one reimbursement arrangement for different employees, all the arrangements are treated as a single arrangement covering more than one employee, so the one-employee exception would not apply. This situation would result in penalties once the relief periods expire.

Conclusion:

The good news is that we have general penalty relief through June 30, 2015, and for 2% shareholders through all of 2015. We need to be planning for what happens after June 30, 2015. Does your client offer a group plan? Does the client just pay more salary? The employees won’t like the extra income tax and FICA tax they have to pay. What about other options as marketed by certain benefit companies?

We will be discussing all of this in upcoming seminars and webinars.

For now, enjoy this good news.

For further details on the notice and what the potential tax implications are, click here to view or download the IRS article (PDF)

Coal in the Stocking: Proposed Regulations for Two New Taxes

Coal in the Stocking: Proposed Regulations for Two New Taxes

After enjoying Thanksgiving and a bountiful feast with my family and friends, I wondered how Congress and the White House would approach the issue of the looming fiscal cliff. Thus far, they have lived up to my expectations. It will be interesting to see how their game plays out over the upcoming weeks.

Recently, we learned more about two new taxes related to the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act (HCERA) and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA). The Department of the Treasury and the IRS gave us an early holiday gift by releasing proposed regulations related to the Net Investment Income Tax and Additional Medicare Tax. Since many tax practitioners are busy in December with year-end tax planning, the release of the proposed regulations is timely. The comment period ends on March 5, 2013, for both sets of rules.

Net Investment Income Tax

The new Net Investment Income Tax (NIIT) goes into effect starting in 2013. The Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 added new Section 1411 to the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) and is effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012. The 3.8 percent NIIT applies to individuals, estates, and trusts that have certain investment income above certain statutory threshold amounts.

Individuals will owe the tax if they have net investment income and also have modified adjusted gross income over the following amounts:

Filing Status	Threshold Amount
Married filing jointly	$250,000
Married filing separately	$125,000
Single	$200,000
Head of household (with qualifying person)	$200,000
Qualifying widow(er) with dependent child	$250,000

Note: These thresholds are not indexed for inflation.

Here is a list of what is generally included in net investment income:

·         Interest

·         Dividends

·         Capital Gains

o   Capital gains from sales of stocks, bonds, and mutual funds

o   Capital gain distributions from mutual funds

o   Gain from the sale of investment real estate (including gain from sale of a second home that is not a primary residence)

·         Rental and royalty income

·         Non-qualified annuities

·         Income from businesses involved in the trading of financial instruments or commodities

·         Businesses that are passive activities to the taxpayer (within the meaning of IRC Sec. 469)

The tax does not apply to any amount of gain from the sale of a personal residence that is excluded from gross income for regular income tax purposes.

The IRS indicated that the tax will be reported on and paid with Forms 1040 and 1041.

Estates and trusts are subject to the tax if they have (1) undistributed net investment income and (2) adjusted gross income over the dollar amount at which the highest tax bracket for an estate or trust begins in the taxable year. For tax year 2012, this threshold is $11,650. There are special computations rules for certain unique types of trust. In addition, there are some trusts that are not subject to the Net Investment Income tax.

Taxpayers who anticipate that they will exceed the thresholds listed above might accelerate net investment income to 2012 or take some gains in 2012 rather than facing the Net Investment Income Tax of 3.8 percent and the possibility of additional taxes if certain Bush-era tax cuts are not extended through 2013.

Additional Medicare Tax

The IRS also released its proposed rules regarding the Additional Medicare Tax. The tax applies to an individual’s wages, Railroad Retirement Tax Act compensation, and self-employment income that exceeds a threshold amount based on the individual's filing status. The rate of Additional Medicare Tax is 0.9 percent.

An individual is liable for the Additional Medicare Tax if the individual's wages, compensation, or self-employment income (together with that of his or her spouse if filing a joint return) exceed the threshold amount for the individual's filing status:

Filing Status	Threshold Amount
Married filing jointly	$250,000
Married filing separately	$125,000
Single	$200,000
Head of household (with qualifying person)	$200,000
Qualifying widow(er) with dependent child	$250,000

Taxable wages not paid in cash, such as noncash fringe benefits, are subject to the Additional Medicare Tax, if, in combination with other wages, they exceed the individual's applicable threshold. Tips are subject to the tax also.

The imputed cost of group-term life insurance coverage in excess of $50,000 is subject to social security and Medicare taxes, and to the extent that, in combination with other wages, it exceeds $200,000, it is also subject to Additional Medicare Tax withholding.

An employer is responsible for withholding Additional Medicare Tax from the wages or compensation paid to an employee in excess of $200,000 per calendar year. This is done without regard to the individual's filing status or wages paid by another employer. An individual may owe more than the amount withheld by the employer, depending on the individual's filing status, wages, compensation, and self-employment income. If this is the case, the individual should make estimated tax payments and/or request additional tax withholding using Form W-4, Employee's Withholding Allowance Certificate.

Individuals who are liable for the Additional Medicare Tax will calculate the Additional Medicare Tax liability on their individual income tax returns (Form 1040). They will also report the Additional Medicare Tax withheld by their employers on their Form 1040.

Note: An individual might have two jobs where his or her wages are below the $200,000 threshold at each job. However, the sum of those wages may exceed the threshold at which Additional Medicare Tax is owed. If any employee anticipates such a situation, he or she can make estimated tax payments and/or request additional income tax withholding using Form W-4.

Employers will be relieved to learn that there is no employer match for the Additional Medicare Tax. However, an employer that does not meet its withholding, deposit, reporting, and payment responsibilities for the Additional Medicare Tax may be subject to all applicable penalties.

Note: Taxpayers can be subject to the Net Investment Income Tax and Additional Medicare Tax but not on the same type of income.

While most of the attention during the past two weeks has been focused on the end of the Bush-era tax cuts and the fiscal cliff, this week's release of proposed regulations for taxes relating to the health care laws reminds us that we already have some concrete tax increases in place for 2013.

Top 10 Ways to Manage Tax Season Stress

Tax season for me was always like a marathon, beginning in mid February and crossing the finish line on April 15. It was long hours, lots of coffee, and plenty of stress. I remember working late nights as the deadline approached and then around 10:00 p.m. on April 15 the managing partner would gather up all of the extensions for those returns we just didn’t have time to complete and made a mad dash for the local post office. So following is my top ten list of ways to reduce or at least manage your tax season stress.

1. Get rid of bad clients. Fire those clients that are not profitable, never have their information to you on time and usually cause you the most stress. We all have them, so do it now before tax season begins.

2. Organize your office. Having a disorganized workspace will only add to your stress, especially when a client calls and you can’t quickly find his or her file.

3. Hire a personal assistant. Having someone who can run errands for you will significantly reduce your stress.

4. Exercise and eat right. You will find that if you eat three healthy meals a day and exercise regularly you will reduce your stress and actually be more productive. But you have to do it consistently.

5. Get to the office early. Come in to the office thirty minutes to an hour before regular office hours. Use this time to get your day organized, respond to e-mail or do research while the office is quiet.

6. Take short breaks. Meditate for five or ten minutes, stand up, do a few exercises or take a walk around the block and just relax. Don’t think about work.

7. Prioritize your tasks. Time consuming but relatively unimportant tasks can consume a lot of your day. Focus on those returns that you can’t delegate to a junior staff person. Don’t jump from one return to another. Try to finish one before you start the next.

8. Set client deadlines. Manage your clients don’t let them manage you. Work on the returns of those clients who meet their deadlines. If the client doesn’t have their data to you when requested, file an extension. Don’t work till midnight to complete the return for a client who did not get his or her information to you when requested.

9. Finish before the deadline. Schedule your clients so that you have time to complete their returns a day or two before April 15. This is a built-in cushion for any unexpected problems and should reduce your level of stress created from last minute crises.

10. Make April 16 and/or April 15 an official holiday. A firm I once worked for made April 16 an official firm holiday. I always looked forward to that holiday as a chance to unwind and think about nothing relating to work.

So, put your running shoes on, see which of these suggestions you can use to reduce your stress level, and look forward to a less stressful tax season.